Filename	/home/hejohns/perl5/lib/perl5/x86_64-linux-gnu-thread-multi/Socket.pm
Statements	Executed 36 statements in 2.04ms

Subroutines

Calls	P	F	Exclusive Time	Inclusive Time	Subroutine
1	1	1	52µs	52µs	Socket::::CORE:regcompSocket::CORE:regcomp (opcode)
131	1	1	14µs	14µs	Socket::::CORE:matchSocket::CORE:match (opcode)
1	1	1	10µs	14µs	Socket::::BEGIN@843Socket::BEGIN@843
1	1	1	7µs	9µs	Socket::::BEGIN@3Socket::BEGIN@3
1	1	1	5µs	8µs	Socket::::BEGIN@942Socket::BEGIN@942
1	1	1	5µs	5µs	Socket::::BEGIN@4Socket::BEGIN@4
1	1	1	4µs	20µs	Socket::::BEGIN@697Socket::BEGIN@697
1	1	1	4µs	44µs	Socket::::BEGIN@698Socket::BEGIN@698
2	2	1	2µs	2µs	Socket::::CORE:qrSocket::CORE:qr (opcode)
1	1	1	2µs	2µs	Socket::::BEGIN@826Socket::BEGIN@826
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::__ANON__[:846]Socket::__ANON__[:846]
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::__ANON__[:943]Socket::__ANON__[:943]
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::fake_getaddrinfoSocket::fake_getaddrinfo
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::fake_getnameinfoSocket::fake_getnameinfo
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::fake_makeerrSocket::fake_makeerr
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::sockaddr_inSocket::sockaddr_in
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::sockaddr_in6Socket::sockaddr_in6
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::sockaddr_unSocket::sockaddr_un

Call graph for these subroutines as a Graphviz dot language file.

Line	State ments	Time on line	Calls	Time in subs	Code
1					package Socket;
2
3	2	18µs	2	10µs	# spent 9µs (7+1) within Socket::BEGIN@3 which was called: # once (7µs+1µs) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 3 use strict; # spent 9µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@3 # spent 1µs making 1 call to strict::import
4	2	256µs	1	5µs	# spent 5µs within Socket::BEGIN@4 which was called: # once (5µs+0s) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 4 { use v5.6.1; } # spent 5µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@4
5
6	2	600ns			our $VERSION = '2.036';
7
8					=head1 NAME
9
10					C<Socket> - networking constants and support functions
11
12					=head1 SYNOPSIS
13
14					C<Socket> a low-level module used by, among other things, the L<IO::Socket>
15					family of modules. The following examples demonstrate some low-level uses but
16					a practical program would likely use the higher-level API provided by
17					C<IO::Socket> or similar instead.
18
19					use Socket qw(PF_INET SOCK_STREAM pack_sockaddr_in inet_aton);
20
21					socket(my $socket, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
22					or die "socket: $!";
23
24					my $port = getservbyname "echo", "tcp";
25					connect($socket, pack_sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton("localhost")))
26					or die "connect: $!";
27
28					print $socket "Hello, world!\n";
29					print <$socket>;
30
31					See also the L</EXAMPLES> section.
32
33					=head1 DESCRIPTION
34
35					This module provides a variety of constants, structure manipulators and other
36					functions related to socket-based networking. The values and functions
37					provided are useful when used in conjunction with Perl core functions such as
38					socket(), setsockopt() and bind(). It also provides several other support
39					functions, mostly for dealing with conversions of network addresses between
40					human-readable and native binary forms, and for hostname resolver operations.
41
42					Some constants and functions are exported by default by this module; but for
43					backward-compatibility any recently-added symbols are not exported by default
44					and must be requested explicitly. When an import list is provided to the
45					C<use Socket> line, the default exports are not automatically imported. It is
46					therefore best practice to always to explicitly list all the symbols required.
47
48					Also, some common socket "newline" constants are provided: the constants
49					C<CR>, C<LF>, and C<CRLF>, as well as C<$CR>, C<$LF>, and C<$CRLF>, which map
50					to C<\015>, C<\012>, and C<\015\012>. If you do not want to use the literal
51					characters in your programs, then use the constants provided here. They are
52					not exported by default, but can be imported individually, and with the
53					C<:crlf> export tag:
54
55					use Socket qw(:DEFAULT :crlf);
56
57					$sock->print("GET / HTTP/1.0$CRLF");
58
59					The entire getaddrinfo() subsystem can be exported using the tag C<:addrinfo>;
60					this exports the getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo() functions, and all the
61					C<AI_*>, C<NI_*>, C<NIx_*> and C<EAI_*> constants.
62
63					=cut
64
65					=head1 CONSTANTS
66
67					In each of the following groups, there may be many more constants provided
68					than just the ones given as examples in the section heading. If the heading
69					ends C<...> then this means there are likely more; the exact constants
70					provided will depend on the OS and headers found at compile-time.
71
72					=cut
73
74					=head2 PF_INET, PF_INET6, PF_UNIX, ...
75
76					Protocol family constants to use as the first argument to socket() or the
77					value of the C<SO_DOMAIN> or C<SO_FAMILY> socket option.
78
79					=head2 AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX, ...
80
81					Address family constants used by the socket address structures, to pass to
82					such functions as inet_pton() or getaddrinfo(), or are returned by such
83					functions as sockaddr_family().
84
85					=head2 SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_RAW, ...
86
87					Socket type constants to use as the second argument to socket(), or the value
88					of the C<SO_TYPE> socket option.
89
90					=head2 SOCK_NONBLOCK. SOCK_CLOEXEC
91
92					Linux-specific shortcuts to specify the C<O_NONBLOCK> and C<FD_CLOEXEC> flags
93					during a C<socket(2)> call.
94
95					socket( my $sockh, PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0 )
96
97					=head2 SOL_SOCKET
98
99					Socket option level constant for setsockopt() and getsockopt().
100
101					=head2 SO_ACCEPTCONN, SO_BROADCAST, SO_ERROR, ...
102
103					Socket option name constants for setsockopt() and getsockopt() at the
104					C<SOL_SOCKET> level.
105
106					=head2 IP_OPTIONS, IP_TOS, IP_TTL, ...
107
108					Socket option name constants for IPv4 socket options at the C<IPPROTO_IP>
109					level.
110
111					=head2 IP_PMTUDISC_WANT, IP_PMTUDISC_DONT, ...
112
113					Socket option value constants for C<IP_MTU_DISCOVER> socket option.
114
115					=head2 IPTOS_LOWDELAY, IPTOS_THROUGHPUT, IPTOS_RELIABILITY, ...
116
117					Socket option value constants for C<IP_TOS> socket option.
118
119					=head2 MSG_BCAST, MSG_OOB, MSG_TRUNC, ...
120
121					Message flag constants for send() and recv().
122
123					=head2 SHUT_RD, SHUT_RDWR, SHUT_WR
124
125					Direction constants for shutdown().
126
127					=head2 INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE
128
129					Constants giving the special C<AF_INET> addresses for wildcard, broadcast,
130					local loopback, and invalid addresses.
131
132					Normally equivalent to inet_aton('0.0.0.0'), inet_aton('255.255.255.255'),
133					inet_aton('localhost') and inet_aton('255.255.255.255') respectively.
134
135					=head2 IPPROTO_IP, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPPROTO_TCP, ...
136
137					IP protocol constants to use as the third argument to socket(), the level
138					argument to getsockopt() or setsockopt(), or the value of the C<SO_PROTOCOL>
139					socket option.
140
141					=head2 TCP_CORK, TCP_KEEPALIVE, TCP_NODELAY, ...
142
143					Socket option name constants for TCP socket options at the C<IPPROTO_TCP>
144					level.
145
146					=head2 IN6ADDR_ANY, IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK
147
148					Constants giving the special C<AF_INET6> addresses for wildcard and local
149					loopback.
150
151					Normally equivalent to inet_pton(AF_INET6, "::") and
152					inet_pton(AF_INET6, "::1") respectively.
153
154					=head2 IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, IPV6_MTU, IPV6_V6ONLY, ...
155
156					Socket option name constants for IPv6 socket options at the C<IPPROTO_IPV6>
157					level.
158
159					=cut
160
161					# Still undocumented: SCM_*, SOMAXCONN, IOV_MAX, UIO_MAXIOV
162
163					=head1 STRUCTURE MANIPULATORS
164
165					The following functions convert between lists of Perl values and packed binary
166					strings representing structures.
167
168					=cut
169
170					=head2 $family = sockaddr_family $sockaddr
171
172					Takes a packed socket address (as returned by pack_sockaddr_in(),
173					pack_sockaddr_un() or the perl builtin functions getsockname() and
174					getpeername()). Returns the address family tag. This will be one of the
175					C<AF_*> constants, such as C<AF_INET> for a C<sockaddr_in> addresses or
176					C<AF_UNIX> for a C<sockaddr_un>. It can be used to figure out what unpack to
177					use for a sockaddr of unknown type.
178
179					=head2 $sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
180
181					Takes two arguments, a port number and an opaque string (as returned by
182					inet_aton(), or a v-string). Returns the C<sockaddr_in> structure with those
183					arguments packed in and C<AF_INET> filled in. For Internet domain sockets,
184					this structure is normally what you need for the arguments in bind(),
185					connect(), and send().
186
187					An undefined $port argument is taken as zero; an undefined $ip_address is
188					considered a fatal error.
189
190					=head2 ($port, $ip_address) = unpack_sockaddr_in $sockaddr
191
192					Takes a C<sockaddr_in> structure (as returned by pack_sockaddr_in(),
193					getpeername() or recv()). Returns a list of two elements: the port and an
194					opaque string representing the IP address (you can use inet_ntoa() to convert
195					the address to the four-dotted numeric format). Will croak if the structure
196					does not represent an C<AF_INET> address.
197
198					In scalar context will return just the IP address.
199
200					=head2 $sockaddr = sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
201
202					=head2 ($port, $ip_address) = sockaddr_in $sockaddr
203
204					A wrapper of pack_sockaddr_in() or unpack_sockaddr_in(). In list context,
205					unpacks its argument and returns a list consisting of the port and IP address.
206					In scalar context, packs its port and IP address arguments as a C<sockaddr_in>
207					and returns it.
208
209					Provided largely for legacy compatibility; it is better to use
210					pack_sockaddr_in() or unpack_sockaddr_in() explicitly.
211
212					=head2 $sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
213
214					Takes two to four arguments, a port number, an opaque string (as returned by
215					inet_pton()), optionally a scope ID number, and optionally a flow label
216					number. Returns the C<sockaddr_in6> structure with those arguments packed in
217					and C<AF_INET6> filled in. IPv6 equivalent of pack_sockaddr_in().
218
219					An undefined $port argument is taken as zero; an undefined $ip6_address is
220					considered a fatal error.
221
222					=head2 ($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = unpack_sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
223
224					Takes a C<sockaddr_in6> structure. Returns a list of four elements: the port
225					number, an opaque string representing the IPv6 address, the scope ID, and the
226					flow label. (You can use inet_ntop() to convert the address to the usual
227					string format). Will croak if the structure does not represent an C<AF_INET6>
228					address.
229
230					In scalar context will return just the IP address.
231
232					=head2 $sockaddr = sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
233
234					=head2 ($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
235
236					A wrapper of pack_sockaddr_in6() or unpack_sockaddr_in6(). In list context,
237					unpacks its argument according to unpack_sockaddr_in6(). In scalar context,
238					packs its arguments according to pack_sockaddr_in6().
239
240					Provided largely for legacy compatibility; it is better to use
241					pack_sockaddr_in6() or unpack_sockaddr_in6() explicitly.
242
243					=head2 $sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_un $path
244
245					Takes one argument, a pathname. Returns the C<sockaddr_un> structure with that
246					path packed in with C<AF_UNIX> filled in. For C<PF_UNIX> sockets, this
247					structure is normally what you need for the arguments in bind(), connect(),
248					and send().
249
250					=head2 ($path) = unpack_sockaddr_un $sockaddr
251
252					Takes a C<sockaddr_un> structure (as returned by pack_sockaddr_un(),
253					getpeername() or recv()). Returns a list of one element: the pathname. Will
254					croak if the structure does not represent an C<AF_UNIX> address.
255
256					=head2 $sockaddr = sockaddr_un $path
257
258					=head2 ($path) = sockaddr_un $sockaddr
259
260					A wrapper of pack_sockaddr_un() or unpack_sockaddr_un(). In a list context,
261					unpacks its argument and returns a list consisting of the pathname. In a
262					scalar context, packs its pathname as a C<sockaddr_un> and returns it.
263
264					Provided largely for legacy compatibility; it is better to use
265					pack_sockaddr_un() or unpack_sockaddr_un() explicitly.
266
267					These are only supported if your system has E<lt>F<sys/un.h>E<gt>.
268
269					=head2 $ip_mreq = pack_ip_mreq $multiaddr, $interface
270
271					Takes an IPv4 multicast address and optionally an interface address (or
272					C<INADDR_ANY>). Returns the C<ip_mreq> structure with those arguments packed
273					in. Suitable for use with the C<IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP> and C<IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP>
274					sockopts.
275
276					=head2 ($multiaddr, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq $ip_mreq
277
278					Takes an C<ip_mreq> structure. Returns a list of two elements; the IPv4
279					multicast address and interface address.
280
281					=head2 $ip_mreq_source = pack_ip_mreq_source $multiaddr, $source, $interface
282
283					Takes an IPv4 multicast address, source address, and optionally an interface
284					address (or C<INADDR_ANY>). Returns the C<ip_mreq_source> structure with those
285					arguments packed in. Suitable for use with the C<IP_ADD_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP>
286					and C<IP_DROP_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP> sockopts.
287
288					=head2 ($multiaddr, $source, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq_source $ip_mreq
289
290					Takes an C<ip_mreq_source> structure. Returns a list of three elements; the
291					IPv4 multicast address, source address and interface address.
292
293					=head2 $ipv6_mreq = pack_ipv6_mreq $multiaddr6, $ifindex
294
295					Takes an IPv6 multicast address and an interface number. Returns the
296					C<ipv6_mreq> structure with those arguments packed in. Suitable for use with
297					the C<IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP> and C<IPV6_DROP_MEMBERSHIP> sockopts.
298
299					=head2 ($multiaddr6, $ifindex) = unpack_ipv6_mreq $ipv6_mreq
300
301					Takes an C<ipv6_mreq> structure. Returns a list of two elements; the IPv6
302					address and an interface number.
303
304					=cut
305
306					=head1 FUNCTIONS
307
308					=cut
309
310					=head2 $ip_address = inet_aton $string
311
312					Takes a string giving the name of a host, or a textual representation of an IP
313					address and translates that to an packed binary address structure suitable to
314					pass to pack_sockaddr_in(). If passed a hostname that cannot be resolved,
315					returns C<undef>. For multi-homed hosts (hosts with more than one address),
316					the first address found is returned.
317
318					For portability do not assume that the result of inet_aton() is 32 bits wide,
319					in other words, that it would contain only the IPv4 address in network order.
320
321					This IPv4-only function is provided largely for legacy reasons. Newly-written
322					code should use getaddrinfo() or inet_pton() instead for IPv6 support.
323
324					=head2 $string = inet_ntoa $ip_address
325
326					Takes a packed binary address structure such as returned by
327					unpack_sockaddr_in() (or a v-string representing the four octets of the IPv4
328					address in network order) and translates it into a string of the form
329					C<d.d.d.d> where the C<d>s are numbers less than 256 (the normal
330					human-readable four dotted number notation for Internet addresses).
331
332					This IPv4-only function is provided largely for legacy reasons. Newly-written
333					code should use getnameinfo() or inet_ntop() instead for IPv6 support.
334
335					=head2 $address = inet_pton $family, $string
336
337					Takes an address family (such as C<AF_INET> or C<AF_INET6>) and a string
338					containing a textual representation of an address in that family and
339					translates that to an packed binary address structure.
340
341					See also getaddrinfo() for a more powerful and flexible function to look up
342					socket addresses given hostnames or textual addresses.
343
344					=head2 $string = inet_ntop $family, $address
345
346					Takes an address family and a packed binary address structure and translates
347					it into a human-readable textual representation of the address; typically in
348					C<d.d.d.d> form for C<AF_INET> or C<hhhh:hhhh::hhhh> form for C<AF_INET6>.
349
350					See also getnameinfo() for a more powerful and flexible function to turn
351					socket addresses into human-readable textual representations.
352
353					=head2 ($err, @result) = getaddrinfo $host, $service, [$hints]
354
355					Given both a hostname and service name, this function attempts to resolve the
356					host name into a list of network addresses, and the service name into a
357					protocol and port number, and then returns a list of address structures
358					suitable to connect() to it.
359
360					Given just a host name, this function attempts to resolve it to a list of
361					network addresses, and then returns a list of address structures giving these
362					addresses.
363
364					Given just a service name, this function attempts to resolve it to a protocol
365					and port number, and then returns a list of address structures that represent
366					it suitable to bind() to. This use should be combined with the C<AI_PASSIVE>
367					flag; see below.
368
369					Given neither name, it generates an error.
370
371					If present, $hints should be a reference to a hash, where the following keys
372					are recognised:
373
374					=over 4
375
376					=item flags => INT
377
378					A bitfield containing C<AI_*> constants; see below.
379
380					=item family => INT
381
382					Restrict to only generating addresses in this address family
383
384					=item socktype => INT
385
386					Restrict to only generating addresses of this socket type
387
388					=item protocol => INT
389
390					Restrict to only generating addresses for this protocol
391
392					=back
393
394					The return value will be a list; the first value being an error indication,
395					followed by a list of address structures (if no error occurred).
396
397					The error value will be a dualvar; comparable to the C<EAI_*> error constants,
398					or printable as a human-readable error message string. If no error occurred it
399					will be zero numerically and an empty string.
400
401					Each value in the results list will be a hash reference containing the following
402					fields:
403
404					=over 4
405
406					=item family => INT
407
408					The address family (e.g. C<AF_INET>)
409
410					=item socktype => INT
411
412					The socket type (e.g. C<SOCK_STREAM>)
413
414					=item protocol => INT
415
416					The protocol (e.g. C<IPPROTO_TCP>)
417
418					=item addr => STRING
419
420					The address in a packed string (such as would be returned by
421					pack_sockaddr_in())
422
423					=item canonname => STRING
424
425					The canonical name for the host if the C<AI_CANONNAME> flag was provided, or
426					C<undef> otherwise. This field will only be present on the first returned
427					address.
428
429					=back
430
431					The following flag constants are recognised in the $hints hash. Other flag
432					constants may exist as provided by the OS.
433
434					=over 4
435
436					=item AI_PASSIVE
437
438					Indicates that this resolution is for a local bind() for a passive (i.e.
439					listening) socket, rather than an active (i.e. connecting) socket.
440
441					=item AI_CANONNAME
442
443					Indicates that the caller wishes the canonical hostname (C<canonname>) field
444					of the result to be filled in.
445
446					=item AI_NUMERICHOST
447
448					Indicates that the caller will pass a numeric address, rather than a hostname,
449					and that getaddrinfo() must not perform a resolve operation on this name. This
450					flag will prevent a possibly-slow network lookup operation, and instead return
451					an error if a hostname is passed.
452
453					=back
454
455					=head2 ($err, $hostname, $servicename) = getnameinfo $sockaddr, [$flags, [$xflags]]
456
457					Given a packed socket address (such as from getsockname(), getpeername(), or
458					returned by getaddrinfo() in a C<addr> field), returns the hostname and
459					symbolic service name it represents. $flags may be a bitmask of C<NI_*>
460					constants, or defaults to 0 if unspecified.
461
462					The return value will be a list; the first value being an error condition,
463					followed by the hostname and service name.
464
465					The error value will be a dualvar; comparable to the C<EAI_*> error constants,
466					or printable as a human-readable error message string. The host and service
467					names will be plain strings.
468
469					The following flag constants are recognised as $flags. Other flag constants may
470					exist as provided by the OS.
471
472					=over 4
473
474					=item NI_NUMERICHOST
475
476					Requests that a human-readable string representation of the numeric address be
477					returned directly, rather than performing a name resolve operation that may
478					convert it into a hostname. This will also avoid potentially-blocking network
479					IO.
480
481					=item NI_NUMERICSERV
482
483					Requests that the port number be returned directly as a number representation
484					rather than performing a name resolve operation that may convert it into a
485					service name.
486
487					=item NI_NAMEREQD
488
489					If a name resolve operation fails to provide a name, then this flag will cause
490					getnameinfo() to indicate an error, rather than returning the numeric
491					representation as a human-readable string.
492
493					=item NI_DGRAM
494
495					Indicates that the socket address relates to a C<SOCK_DGRAM> socket, for the
496					services whose name differs between TCP and UDP protocols.
497
498					=back
499
500					The following constants may be supplied as $xflags.
501
502					=over 4
503
504					=item NIx_NOHOST
505
506					Indicates that the caller is not interested in the hostname of the result, so
507					it does not have to be converted. C<undef> will be returned as the hostname.
508
509					=item NIx_NOSERV
510
511					Indicates that the caller is not interested in the service name of the result,
512					so it does not have to be converted. C<undef> will be returned as the service
513					name.
514
515					=back
516
517					=head1 getaddrinfo() / getnameinfo() ERROR CONSTANTS
518
519					The following constants may be returned by getaddrinfo() or getnameinfo().
520					Others may be provided by the OS.
521
522					=over 4
523
524					=item EAI_AGAIN
525
526					A temporary failure occurred during name resolution. The operation may be
527					successful if it is retried later.
528
529					=item EAI_BADFLAGS
530
531					The value of the C<flags> hint to getaddrinfo(), or the $flags parameter to
532					getnameinfo() contains unrecognised flags.
533
534					=item EAI_FAMILY
535
536					The C<family> hint to getaddrinfo(), or the family of the socket address
537					passed to getnameinfo() is not supported.
538
539					=item EAI_NODATA
540
541					The host name supplied to getaddrinfo() did not provide any usable address
542					data.
543
544					=item EAI_NONAME
545
546					The host name supplied to getaddrinfo() does not exist, or the address
547					supplied to getnameinfo() is not associated with a host name and the
548					C<NI_NAMEREQD> flag was supplied.
549
550					=item EAI_SERVICE
551
552					The service name supplied to getaddrinfo() is not available for the socket
553					type given in the $hints.
554
555					=back
556
557					=cut
558
559					=head1 EXAMPLES
560
561					=head2 Lookup for connect()
562
563					The getaddrinfo() function converts a hostname and a service name into a list
564					of structures, each containing a potential way to connect() to the named
565					service on the named host.
566
567					use IO::Socket;
568					use Socket qw(SOCK_STREAM getaddrinfo);
569
570					my %hints = (socktype => SOCK_STREAM);
571					my ($err, @res) = getaddrinfo("localhost", "echo", \%hints);
572					die "Cannot getaddrinfo - $err" if $err;
573
574					my $sock;
575
576					foreach my $ai (@res) {
577					my $candidate = IO::Socket->new();
578
579					$candidate->socket($ai->{family}, $ai->{socktype}, $ai->{protocol})
580					or next;
581
582					$candidate->connect($ai->{addr})
583					or next;
584
585					$sock = $candidate;
586					last;
587					}
588
589					die "Cannot connect to localhost:echo" unless $sock;
590
591					$sock->print("Hello, world!\n");
592					print <$sock>;
593
594					Because a list of potential candidates is returned, the C<while> loop tries
595					each in turn until it finds one that succeeds both the socket() and connect()
596					calls.
597
598					This function performs the work of the legacy functions gethostbyname(),
599					getservbyname(), inet_aton() and pack_sockaddr_in().
600
601					In practice this logic is better performed by L<IO::Socket::IP>.
602
603					=head2 Making a human-readable string out of an address
604
605					The getnameinfo() function converts a socket address, such as returned by
606					getsockname() or getpeername(), into a pair of human-readable strings
607					representing the address and service name.
608
609					use IO::Socket::IP;
610					use Socket qw(getnameinfo);
611
612					my $server = IO::Socket::IP->new(LocalPort => 12345, Listen => 1) or
613					die "Cannot listen - $@";
614
615					my $socket = $server->accept or die "accept: $!";
616
617					my ($err, $hostname, $servicename) = getnameinfo($socket->peername);
618					die "Cannot getnameinfo - $err" if $err;
619
620					print "The peer is connected from $hostname\n";
621
622					Since in this example only the hostname was used, the redundant conversion of
623					the port number into a service name may be omitted by passing the
624					C<NIx_NOSERV> flag.
625
626					use Socket qw(getnameinfo NIx_NOSERV);
627
628					my ($err, $hostname) = getnameinfo($socket->peername, 0, NIx_NOSERV);
629
630					This function performs the work of the legacy functions unpack_sockaddr_in(),
631					inet_ntoa(), gethostbyaddr() and getservbyport().
632
633					In practice this logic is better performed by L<IO::Socket::IP>.
634
635					=head2 Resolving hostnames into IP addresses
636
637					To turn a hostname into a human-readable plain IP address use getaddrinfo()
638					to turn the hostname into a list of socket structures, then getnameinfo() on
639					each one to make it a readable IP address again.
640
641					use Socket qw(:addrinfo SOCK_RAW);
642
643					my ($err, @res) = getaddrinfo($hostname, "", {socktype => SOCK_RAW});
644					die "Cannot getaddrinfo - $err" if $err;
645
646					while( my $ai = shift @res ) {
647					my ($err, $ipaddr) = getnameinfo($ai->{addr}, NI_NUMERICHOST, NIx_NOSERV);
648					die "Cannot getnameinfo - $err" if $err;
649
650					print "$ipaddr\n";
651					}
652
653					The C<socktype> hint to getaddrinfo() filters the results to only include one
654					socket type and protocol. Without this most OSes return three combinations,
655					for C<SOCK_STREAM>, C<SOCK_DGRAM> and C<SOCK_RAW>, resulting in triplicate
656					output of addresses. The C<NI_NUMERICHOST> flag to getnameinfo() causes it to
657					return a string-formatted plain IP address, rather than reverse resolving it
658					back into a hostname.
659
660					This combination performs the work of the legacy functions gethostbyname()
661					and inet_ntoa().
662
663					=head2 Accessing socket options
664
665					The many C<SO_*> and other constants provide the socket option names for
666					getsockopt() and setsockopt().
667
668					use IO::Socket::INET;
669					use Socket qw(SOL_SOCKET SO_RCVBUF IPPROTO_IP IP_TTL);
670
671					my $socket = IO::Socket::INET->new(LocalPort => 0, Proto => 'udp')
672					or die "Cannot create socket: $@";
673
674					$socket->setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 64*1024) or
675					die "setsockopt: $!";
676
677					print "Receive buffer is ", $socket->getsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF),
678					" bytes\n";
679
680					print "IP TTL is ", $socket->getsockopt(IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL), "\n";
681
682					As a convenience, L<IO::Socket>'s setsockopt() method will convert a number
683					into a packed byte buffer, and getsockopt() will unpack a byte buffer of the
684					correct size back into a number.
685
686					=cut
687
688					=head1 AUTHOR
689
690					This module was originally maintained in Perl core by the Perl 5 Porters.
691
692					It was extracted to dual-life on CPAN at version 1.95 by
693					Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>
694
695					=cut
696
697	2	17µs	2	35µs	# spent 20µs (4+15) within Socket::BEGIN@697 which was called: # once (4µs+15µs) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 697 use Carp; # spent 20µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@697 # spent 15µs making 1 call to Exporter::import
698	2	254µs	2	84µs	# spent 44µs (4+40) within Socket::BEGIN@698 which was called: # once (4µs+40µs) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 698 use warnings::register; # spent 44µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@698 # spent 40µs making 1 call to warnings::register::import
699
700	1	300ns			require Exporter;
701	1	200ns			require XSLoader;
702	1	6µs			our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
703
704					# <@Nicholas> you can't change @EXPORT without breaking the implicit API
705					# Please put any new constants in @EXPORT_OK!
706
707					# List re-ordered to match documentation above. Try to keep the ordering
708					# consistent so it's easier to see which ones are or aren't documented.
709	1	8µs			our @EXPORT = qw(
710					PF_802 PF_AAL PF_APPLETALK PF_CCITT PF_CHAOS PF_CTF PF_DATAKIT
711					PF_DECnet PF_DLI PF_ECMA PF_GOSIP PF_HYLINK PF_IMPLINK PF_INET PF_INET6
712					PF_ISO PF_KEY PF_LAST PF_LAT PF_LINK PF_MAX PF_NBS PF_NIT PF_NS PF_OSI
713					PF_OSINET PF_PUP PF_ROUTE PF_SNA PF_UNIX PF_UNSPEC PF_USER PF_WAN
714					PF_X25
715
716					AF_802 AF_AAL AF_APPLETALK AF_CCITT AF_CHAOS AF_CTF AF_DATAKIT
717					AF_DECnet AF_DLI AF_ECMA AF_GOSIP AF_HYLINK AF_IMPLINK AF_INET AF_INET6
718					AF_ISO AF_KEY AF_LAST AF_LAT AF_LINK AF_MAX AF_NBS AF_NIT AF_NS AF_OSI
719					AF_OSINET AF_PUP AF_ROUTE AF_SNA AF_UNIX AF_UNSPEC AF_USER AF_WAN
720					AF_X25
721
722					SOCK_DGRAM SOCK_RAW SOCK_RDM SOCK_SEQPACKET SOCK_STREAM
723
724					SOL_SOCKET
725
726					SO_ACCEPTCONN SO_ATTACH_FILTER SO_BACKLOG SO_BROADCAST SO_CHAMELEON
727					SO_DEBUG SO_DETACH_FILTER SO_DGRAM_ERRIND SO_DOMAIN SO_DONTLINGER
728					SO_DONTROUTE SO_ERROR SO_FAMILY SO_KEEPALIVE SO_LINGER SO_OOBINLINE
729					SO_PASSCRED SO_PASSIFNAME SO_PEERCRED SO_PROTOCOL SO_PROTOTYPE
730					SO_RCVBUF SO_RCVLOWAT SO_RCVTIMEO SO_REUSEADDR SO_REUSEPORT
731					SO_SECURITY_AUTHENTICATION SO_SECURITY_ENCRYPTION_NETWORK
732					SO_SECURITY_ENCRYPTION_TRANSPORT SO_SNDBUF SO_SNDLOWAT SO_SNDTIMEO
733					SO_STATE SO_TYPE SO_USELOOPBACK SO_XOPEN SO_XSE
734
735					IP_HDRINCL IP_OPTIONS IP_RECVOPTS IP_RECVRETOPTS IP_RETOPTS IP_TOS
736					IP_TTL
737
738					MSG_BCAST MSG_BTAG MSG_CTLFLAGS MSG_CTLIGNORE MSG_CTRUNC MSG_DONTROUTE
739					MSG_DONTWAIT MSG_EOF MSG_EOR MSG_ERRQUEUE MSG_ETAG MSG_FASTOPEN MSG_FIN
740					MSG_MAXIOVLEN MSG_MCAST MSG_NOSIGNAL MSG_OOB MSG_PEEK MSG_PROXY MSG_RST
741					MSG_SYN MSG_TRUNC MSG_URG MSG_WAITALL MSG_WIRE
742
743					SHUT_RD SHUT_RDWR SHUT_WR
744
745					INADDR_ANY INADDR_BROADCAST INADDR_LOOPBACK INADDR_NONE
746
747					SCM_CONNECT SCM_CREDENTIALS SCM_CREDS SCM_RIGHTS SCM_TIMESTAMP
748
749					SOMAXCONN
750
751					IOV_MAX
752					UIO_MAXIOV
753
754					sockaddr_family
755					pack_sockaddr_in unpack_sockaddr_in sockaddr_in
756					pack_sockaddr_in6 unpack_sockaddr_in6 sockaddr_in6
757					pack_sockaddr_un unpack_sockaddr_un sockaddr_un
758
759					inet_aton inet_ntoa
760					);
761
762					# List re-ordered to match documentation above. Try to keep the ordering
763					# consistent so it's easier to see which ones are or aren't documented.
764	1	6µs			our @EXPORT_OK = qw(
765					CR LF CRLF $CR $LF $CRLF
766
767					SOCK_NONBLOCK SOCK_CLOEXEC
768
769					IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP IP_ADD_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT
770					IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP IP_DROP_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP IP_FREEBIND
771					IP_MULTICAST_ALL IP_MULTICAST_IF IP_MULTICAST_LOOP IP_MULTICAST_TTL
772					IP_MTU IP_MTU_DISCOVER IP_NODEFRAG IP_RECVERR IP_TRANSPARENT
773
774					IPPROTO_IP IPPROTO_IPV6 IPPROTO_RAW IPPROTO_ICMP IPPROTO_IGMP
775					IPPROTO_TCP IPPROTO_UDP IPPROTO_GRE IPPROTO_ESP IPPROTO_AH
776					IPPROTO_ICMPV6 IPPROTO_SCTP
777
778					IP_PMTUDISC_DO IP_PMTUDISC_DONT IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE IP_PMTUDISC_WANT
779
780					IPTOS_LOWDELAY IPTOS_THROUGHPUT IPTOS_RELIABILITY IPTOS_MINCOST
781
782					TCP_CONGESTION TCP_CONNECTIONTIMEOUT TCP_CORK TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT
783					TCP_FASTOPEN TCP_INFO TCP_INIT_CWND TCP_KEEPALIVE TCP_KEEPCNT
784					TCP_KEEPIDLE TCP_KEEPINTVL TCP_LINGER2 TCP_MAXRT TCP_MAXSEG
785					TCP_MD5SIG TCP_NODELAY TCP_NOOPT TCP_NOPUSH TCP_QUICKACK
786					TCP_SACK_ENABLE TCP_STDURG TCP_SYNCNT TCP_USER_TIMEOUT
787					TCP_WINDOW_CLAMP
788
789					IN6ADDR_ANY IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK
790
791					IPV6_ADDRFROM IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP IPV6_DROP_MEMBERSHIP IPV6_JOIN_GROUP
792					IPV6_LEAVE_GROUP IPV6_MTU IPV6_MTU_DISCOVER IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS
793					IPV6_MULTICAST_IF IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP IPV6_RECVERR IPV6_ROUTER_ALERT
794					IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS IPV6_V6ONLY
795
796					SO_INCOMING_CPU SO_INCOMING_NAPI_ID SO_LOCK_FILTER SO_RCVBUFFORCE
797					SO_SNDBUFFORCE
798
799					pack_ip_mreq unpack_ip_mreq pack_ip_mreq_source unpack_ip_mreq_source
800
801					pack_ipv6_mreq unpack_ipv6_mreq
802
803					inet_pton inet_ntop
804
805					getaddrinfo getnameinfo
806
807					AI_ADDRCONFIG AI_ALL AI_CANONIDN AI_CANONNAME AI_IDN
808					AI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED AI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES AI_NUMERICHOST
809					AI_NUMERICSERV AI_PASSIVE AI_V4MAPPED
810
811					NI_DGRAM NI_IDN NI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED NI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES
812					NI_NAMEREQD NI_NOFQDN NI_NUMERICHOST NI_NUMERICSERV
813
814					NIx_NOHOST NIx_NOSERV
815
816					EAI_ADDRFAMILY EAI_AGAIN EAI_BADFLAGS EAI_BADHINTS EAI_FAIL EAI_FAMILY
817					EAI_NODATA EAI_NONAME EAI_PROTOCOL EAI_SERVICE EAI_SOCKTYPE EAI_SYSTEM
818					);
819
820	1	93µs	131	14µs	our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( # spent 14µs making 131 calls to Socket::CORE:match, avg 108ns/call
821					crlf => [qw(CR LF CRLF $CR $LF $CRLF)],
822					addrinfo => [qw(getaddrinfo getnameinfo), grep m/^(?:AI|NI|NIx|EAI)_/, @EXPORT_OK],
823					all => [@EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK],
824					);
825
826					# spent 2µs within Socket::BEGIN@826 which was called: # once (2µs+0s) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 835 BEGIN {
827					sub CR () {"\015"}
828					sub LF () {"\012"}
829					sub CRLF () {"\015\012"}
830
831					# These are not gni() constants; they're extensions for the perl API
832					# The definitions in Socket.pm and Socket.xs must match
833					sub NIx_NOHOST() {1 << 0}
834					sub NIx_NOSERV() {1 << 1}
835	1	32µs	1	2µs	} # spent 2µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@826
836
837	1	800ns			*CR = \CR();
838	1	200ns			*LF = \LF();
839	1	200ns			*CRLF = \CRLF();
840
841					# The four deprecated addrinfo constants
842	1	400ns			foreach my $name (qw( AI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED AI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES NI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED NI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES )) {
843	2	265µs	2	19µs	# spent 14µs (10+5) within Socket::BEGIN@843 which was called: # once (10µs+5µs) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 843 no strict 'refs'; # spent 14µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@843 # spent 5µs making 1 call to strict::unimport
844					*$name = sub {
845					croak "The addrinfo constant $name is deprecated";
846	4	9µs			};
847					}
848
849					sub sockaddr_in {
850					if (@_ == 6 && !wantarray) { # perl5.001m compat; use this && die
851					my($af, $port, @quad) = @_;
852					warnings::warn "6-ARG sockaddr_in call is deprecated"
853					if warnings::enabled();
854					pack_sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton(join('.', @quad)));
855					} elsif (wantarray) {
856					croak "usage: (port,iaddr) = sockaddr_in(sin_sv)" unless @_ == 1;
857					unpack_sockaddr_in(@_);
858					} else {
859					croak "usage: sin_sv = sockaddr_in(port,iaddr))" unless @_ == 2;
860					pack_sockaddr_in(@_);
861					}
862					}
863
864					sub sockaddr_in6 {
865					if (wantarray) {
866					croak "usage: (port,in6addr,scope_id,flowinfo) = sockaddr_in6(sin6_sv)" unless @_ == 1;
867					unpack_sockaddr_in6(@_);
868					}
869					else {
870					croak "usage: sin6_sv = sockaddr_in6(port,in6addr,[scope_id,[flowinfo]])" unless @_ >= 2 and @_ <= 4;
871					pack_sockaddr_in6(@_);
872					}
873					}
874
875					sub sockaddr_un {
876					if (wantarray) {
877					croak "usage: (filename) = sockaddr_un(sun_sv)" unless @_ == 1;
878					unpack_sockaddr_un(@_);
879					} else {
880					croak "usage: sun_sv = sockaddr_un(filename)" unless @_ == 1;
881					pack_sockaddr_un(@_);
882					}
883					}
884
885	1	231µs	1	227µs	XSLoader::load(__PACKAGE__, $VERSION); # spent 227µs making 1 call to XSLoader::load
886
887	1	100ns			my %errstr;
888
889	1	400ns			if( defined &getaddrinfo ) {
890					# These are not part of the API, nothing uses them, and deleting them
891					# reduces the size of %Socket:: by about 12K
892	1	400ns			delete $Socket::{fake_getaddrinfo};
893	1	200ns			delete $Socket::{fake_getnameinfo};
894					} else {
895					require Scalar::Util;
896
897					*getaddrinfo = \&fake_getaddrinfo;
898					*getnameinfo = \&fake_getnameinfo;
899
900					# These numbers borrowed from GNU libc's implementation, but since
901					# they're only used by our emulation, it doesn't matter if the real
902					# platform's values differ
903					my %constants = (
904					AI_PASSIVE => 1,
905					AI_CANONNAME => 2,
906					AI_NUMERICHOST => 4,
907					AI_V4MAPPED => 8,
908					AI_ALL => 16,
909					AI_ADDRCONFIG => 32,
910					# RFC 2553 doesn't define this but Linux does - lets be nice and
911					# provide it since we can
912					AI_NUMERICSERV => 1024,
913
914					EAI_BADFLAGS => -1,
915					EAI_NONAME => -2,
916					EAI_NODATA => -5,
917					EAI_FAMILY => -6,
918					EAI_SERVICE => -8,
919
920					NI_NUMERICHOST => 1,
921					NI_NUMERICSERV => 2,
922					NI_NOFQDN => 4,
923					NI_NAMEREQD => 8,
924					NI_DGRAM => 16,
925
926					# Constants we don't support. Export them, but croak if anyone tries to
927					# use them
928					AI_IDN => 64,
929					AI_CANONIDN => 128,
930					NI_IDN => 32,
931
932					# Error constants we'll never return, so it doesn't matter what value
933					# these have, nor that we don't provide strings for them
934					EAI_SYSTEM => -11,
935					EAI_BADHINTS => -1000,
936					EAI_PROTOCOL => -1001
937					);
938
939					foreach my $name ( keys %constants ) {
940					my $value = $constants{$name};
941
942	2	752µs	2	11µs	# spent 8µs (5+3) within Socket::BEGIN@942 which was called: # once (5µs+3µs) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 942 no strict 'refs'; # spent 8µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@942 # spent 3µs making 1 call to strict::unimport
943					defined &$name or *$name = sub () { $value };
944					}
945
946					%errstr = (
947					# These strings from RFC 2553
948					EAI_BADFLAGS() => "invalid value for ai_flags",
949					EAI_NONAME() => "nodename nor servname provided, or not known",
950					EAI_NODATA() => "no address associated with nodename",
951					EAI_FAMILY() => "ai_family not supported",
952					EAI_SERVICE() => "servname not supported for ai_socktype",
953					);
954					}
955
956					# The following functions are used if the system does not have a
957					# getaddrinfo(3) function in libc; and are used to emulate it for the AF_INET
958					# family
959
960					# Borrowed from Regexp::Common::net
961	1	4µs	1	2µs	my $REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL = qr/25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[0-1]?[0-9]{1,2}/; # spent 2µs making 1 call to Socket::CORE:qr
962	1	57µs	2	53µs	my $REGEXP_IPv4_DOTTEDQUAD = qr/$REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL\.$REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL\.$REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL\.$REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL/; # spent 52µs making 1 call to Socket::CORE:regcomp # spent 500ns making 1 call to Socket::CORE:qr
963
964					sub fake_makeerr
965					{
966					my ( $errno ) = @_;
967					my $errstr = $errno == 0 ? "" : ( $errstr{$errno} || $errno );
968					return Scalar::Util::dualvar( $errno, $errstr );
969					}
970
971					sub fake_getaddrinfo
972					{
973					my ( $node, $service, $hints ) = @_;
974
975					$node = "" unless defined $node;
976
977					$service = "" unless defined $service;
978
979					my ( $family, $socktype, $protocol, $flags ) = @$hints{qw( family socktype protocol flags )};
980
981					$family ||= Socket::AF_INET(); # 0 == AF_UNSPEC, which we want too
982					$family == Socket::AF_INET() or return fake_makeerr( EAI_FAMILY() );
983
984					$socktype ||= 0;
985
986					$protocol ||= 0;
987
988					$flags ||= 0;
989
990					my $flag_passive = $flags & AI_PASSIVE(); $flags &= ~AI_PASSIVE();
991					my $flag_canonname = $flags & AI_CANONNAME(); $flags &= ~AI_CANONNAME();
992					my $flag_numerichost = $flags & AI_NUMERICHOST(); $flags &= ~AI_NUMERICHOST();
993					my $flag_numericserv = $flags & AI_NUMERICSERV(); $flags &= ~AI_NUMERICSERV();
994
995					# These constants don't apply to AF_INET-only lookups, so we might as well
996					# just ignore them. For AI_ADDRCONFIG we just presume the host has ability
997					# to talk AF_INET. If not we'd have to return no addresses at all. :)
998					$flags &= ~(AI_V4MAPPED()|AI_ALL()|AI_ADDRCONFIG());
999
1000					$flags & (AI_IDN()|AI_CANONIDN()) and
1001					croak "Socket::getaddrinfo() does not support IDN";
1002
1003					$flags == 0 or return fake_makeerr( EAI_BADFLAGS() );
1004
1005					$node eq "" and $service eq "" and return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() );
1006
1007					my $canonname;
1008					my @addrs;
1009					if( $node ne "" ) {
1010					return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() ) if( $flag_numerichost and $node !~ m/^$REGEXP_IPv4_DOTTEDQUAD$/ );
1011					( $canonname, undef, undef, undef, @addrs ) = gethostbyname( $node );
1012					defined $canonname or return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() );
1013
1014					undef $canonname unless $flag_canonname;
1015					}
1016					else {
1017					$addrs[0] = $flag_passive ? Socket::inet_aton( "0.0.0.0" )
1018					: Socket::inet_aton( "127.0.0.1" );
1019					}
1020
1021					my @ports; # Actually ARRAYrefs of [ socktype, protocol, port ]
1022					my $protname = "";
1023					if( $protocol ) {
1024					$protname = eval { getprotobynumber( $protocol ) };
1025					}
1026
1027					if( $service ne "" and $service !~ m/^\d+$/ ) {
1028					return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() ) if( $flag_numericserv );
1029					getservbyname( $service, $protname ) or return fake_makeerr( EAI_SERVICE() );
1030					}
1031
1032					foreach my $this_socktype ( Socket::SOCK_STREAM(), Socket::SOCK_DGRAM(), Socket::SOCK_RAW() ) {
1033					next if $socktype and $this_socktype != $socktype;
1034
1035					my $this_protname = "raw";
1036					$this_socktype == Socket::SOCK_STREAM() and $this_protname = "tcp";
1037					$this_socktype == Socket::SOCK_DGRAM() and $this_protname = "udp";
1038
1039					next if $protname and $this_protname ne $protname;
1040
1041					my $port;
1042					if( $service ne "" ) {
1043					if( $service =~ m/^\d+$/ ) {
1044					$port = "$service";
1045					}
1046					else {
1047					( undef, undef, $port, $this_protname ) = getservbyname( $service, $this_protname );
1048					next unless defined $port;
1049					}
1050					}
1051					else {
1052					$port = 0;
1053					}
1054
1055					push @ports, [ $this_socktype, eval { scalar getprotobyname( $this_protname ) } || 0, $port ];
1056					}
1057
1058					my @ret;
1059					foreach my $addr ( @addrs ) {
1060					foreach my $portspec ( @ports ) {
1061					my ( $socktype, $protocol, $port ) = @$portspec;
1062					push @ret, {
1063					family => $family,
1064					socktype => $socktype,
1065					protocol => $protocol,
1066					addr => Socket::pack_sockaddr_in( $port, $addr ),
1067					canonname => undef,
1068					};
1069					}
1070					}
1071
1072					# Only supply canonname for the first result
1073					if( defined $canonname ) {
1074					$ret[0]->{canonname} = $canonname;
1075					}
1076
1077					return ( fake_makeerr( 0 ), @ret );
1078					}
1079
1080					sub fake_getnameinfo
1081					{
1082					my ( $addr, $flags, $xflags ) = @_;
1083
1084					my ( $port, $inetaddr );
1085					eval { ( $port, $inetaddr ) = Socket::unpack_sockaddr_in( $addr ) }
1086					or return fake_makeerr( EAI_FAMILY() );
1087
1088					my $family = Socket::AF_INET();
1089
1090					$flags ||= 0;
1091
1092					my $flag_numerichost = $flags & NI_NUMERICHOST(); $flags &= ~NI_NUMERICHOST();
1093					my $flag_numericserv = $flags & NI_NUMERICSERV(); $flags &= ~NI_NUMERICSERV();
1094					my $flag_nofqdn = $flags & NI_NOFQDN(); $flags &= ~NI_NOFQDN();
1095					my $flag_namereqd = $flags & NI_NAMEREQD(); $flags &= ~NI_NAMEREQD();
1096					my $flag_dgram = $flags & NI_DGRAM() ; $flags &= ~NI_DGRAM();
1097
1098					$flags & NI_IDN() and
1099					croak "Socket::getnameinfo() does not support IDN";
1100
1101					$flags == 0 or return fake_makeerr( EAI_BADFLAGS() );
1102
1103					$xflags ||= 0;
1104
1105					my $node;
1106					if( $xflags & NIx_NOHOST ) {
1107					$node = undef;
1108					}
1109					elsif( $flag_numerichost ) {
1110					$node = Socket::inet_ntoa( $inetaddr );
1111					}
1112					else {
1113					$node = gethostbyaddr( $inetaddr, $family );
1114					if( !defined $node ) {
1115					return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() ) if $flag_namereqd;
1116					$node = Socket::inet_ntoa( $inetaddr );
1117					}
1118					elsif( $flag_nofqdn ) {
1119					my ( $shortname ) = split m/\./, $node;
1120					my ( $fqdn ) = gethostbyname $shortname;
1121					$node = $shortname if defined $fqdn and $fqdn eq $node;
1122					}
1123					}
1124
1125					my $service;
1126					if( $xflags & NIx_NOSERV ) {
1127					$service = undef;
1128					}
1129					elsif( $flag_numericserv ) {
1130					$service = "$port";
1131					}
1132					else {
1133					my $protname = $flag_dgram ? "udp" : "";
1134					$service = getservbyport( $port, $protname );
1135					if( !defined $service ) {
1136					$service = "$port";
1137					}
1138					}
1139
1140					return ( fake_makeerr( 0 ), $node, $service );
1141					}
1142
1143	1	31µs			1;
					# spent 14µs within Socket::CORE:match which was called 131 times, avg 108ns/call: # 131 times (14µs+0s) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 820, avg 108ns/call sub Socket::CORE:match; # opcode
					# spent 2µs within Socket::CORE:qr which was called 2 times, avg 1µs/call: # once (2µs+0s) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 961 # once (500ns+0s) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 962 sub Socket::CORE:qr; # opcode
					# spent 52µs within Socket::CORE:regcomp which was called: # once (52µs+0s) by IPC::Cmd::BEGIN@5 at line 962 sub Socket::CORE:regcomp; # opcode